中枢α受体在大鼠颈动脉窦反射中的调制作用

孤离大鼠左侧颈动脉窦,采用侧脑室(LCV)注射α_1受体阻断剂酚苄明(phenoxybenzam-ine PBZ,2μg/20μl)或α_2受体阻断剂育亨宾(yohimbine Y,2μg/20μl),以颈动脉窦内压(ISP)-平均动脉压(MAP)关系曲线及其有关参数为指标,研究和分析了中枢α受体对颈动脉窦反射的影响。将所得ISP和MAP经Logistic方程拟合,建立ISP-MAP关系曲线。结果如下:PBZ组,ISP-MAP关系曲线在高窦内压区明显上移;峰斜率、MAP变动范围明显减小;ISP-斜率关系曲线在15.96kPa处明显下移。Y组,ISP-MAP关系曲线在高窦内压区明显上移;峰斜率、MAP变动范围明显减小,阈压明显增大,ISP-斜率关系曲线在10.64、15.96kPa处明显下移。与PBZ组相比,Y组的峰斜率、MAP变动范围减小更明显。结果表明:中枢α_1或α_2受体阻断后,窦反射的敏感性明显降低,其中阻断α_2受体的作用尤为明显。     

桑树叶肉原生质体培养再生植株

近年来,木本植物原生质作诱导再生植株的研究越来越受到国内外学者关注。但在林木树种中,迄今成功的种类仍然不多,在文     

Changes in pulmonary Cu−Zn contents in superior mesenteric artery occlusion shock of rabbit

Contents of Cu and Zn of into-pulmonary blood (IPB), out-pulmonary blood (OPB), Lung tissue, and supernatant and macrophages of Lung Lavage were determined in superior mesenteric artery occlusion (SMAO) shock of rabbits. Zn of pulmonary tissue was 11.42 +/- 0.60 and 14.52 +/- 1.78 (micrograms/g wet wt) in SMAO shock and control groups, respectively. Content of Zn was found to be lower, Cu was not changed, and Cu/Zn ratio increased in lung tissue in SMAO shock. Contents of Cu and Zn in other samples were not changed. The results suggest that lower Zn in lung tissue related to acute lung injury.     

On-line thermal monitoring of aspartic acid separation in a high voidage ion-exchange column at high flow rate

A simple thermal monitoring technique has been successfully applied to an adsorption system using a novel ion exchanger with a large internal void volume (voidage) which can be operated at high superficial velocity (SV). Temperature changes resulting from heats of adsorption could be followed effectively using semi-conductor thermistor devices inserted into the resin through the column wall. Results show that, despite the high feed rates adopted, the thermal signals generated can be consistently related to the position of the breakthrough front within the bed.     

湖北省等翅目三新种

本文记述湖北省等翅目三新种,毛唇散白蚁Reticulitermes tricholabtalis sp.nov.湖北散白蚁Reticulitermes hubeiensis sp.nov.和近圆唇散白蚁Reticulitermes perilabralis sp.nov.。所有正模标本均保存于广东省昆虫研究所。     

互花米草人工植被生态效益和经济效益的初步研究

前言在我国海涂中被日潮淹没的中、低潮带,天然生长的高等植物种类比较贫乏,分布面积也较小,许多中低潮带海滩为光滩裸地。为了绿化海滩、保护海滩,提高海滩生态系统的初级生产力,我国在1963年和1978年分别从英国     

几种药物抑制马传染性贫血病毒和人免疫缺陷病毒的实验研究

用马传染性贫血病毒—驴胚肺二倍体细胞(EIAV-DELDC)为实验体系,以细胞中病毒逆转录酶活性及病毒相关抗原的表达为观察指标,检测了叠氮胸苷(AZT)、三氮唑核苷(Ribavirin,病毒唑)、磷羧基甲酸钠(PFA)和苏拉明等4种已知抗人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV-1)药物对马传染性贫血病毒的抑制作用。结果表明,PFA、AZTTP(三磷酸AZT)和苏拉明均能抑制病毒相关抗原的表达,AZT虽无此作用,但能抑制细胞内逆转录酶活性。用~3H-TMP掺入法比较了PFA、AZTTP、苏拉明对体外无细胞系EIAV逆转录酶粗提物和HIV-1基因工程产物逆转录酶活性的抑制作用表明,两种逆转录酶对苏拉明的敏感性相近,而HIV-1逆转录酶对PFA和AZTTP的敏感性较EIAV者高约100倍。又以无细胞系中逆转录酶活性测定法,检测了12种中药提取物的抑制作用,其中小柴胡汤对EIAV和HIV-1逆转录酶活性都有抑制作用,IC_(50)为717μg/ml和700μg/ml(生药浓度)。小柴胡汤对两种病毒感染细胞中抗原的表达和HIV引起细胞病变都有抑制作用,对HIV-1的抑制比EIAV强。这些结果表明,EIAV-DELDC体系可考虑作为抗HIV-1药物筛选模型。     

Enhanced production of cellulase usingAcidothermus cellulyticus in fed-batch culture

Summary Fed-batch fermentations of Acidothermus cellulolyticus utilizing mixtures of cellulose and sugars were investigated for potential improvements in cellulase enzyme production. In these fermentations, we combined cellulose from several sources with various simple sugars at selected concentrations. The best source of cellulose for cellulase production was found to be ball-milled Solka Floc at 15 g/l. Fed-batch fermentations with cellobiose and Solka Floc increased cell mass only slightly, but succeeded in significantly enhancing cellulase synthesis compared to batch conditions. Maximum cellulase activities obtained from fermentations initiated with 2.5 g cellobiose/l and 15 g Solka Floc/l were 0.187 units (U)/ml, achieved by continuous feeding to maintain <0.1 g cellobiose/l, and 0.215 U/ml using the same initial medium when 2.5 g cellobiose/l was step-fed after the sugar was nearly consumed. In batch, dual-substrate systems consisting of simple sugars with Solka Floc, substrate inhibition was evident in terms of specific growth rates, specific productivity values, and maximum enzyme yields. Limiting concentrations of glucose or sucrose at 5 g/l, and cellobiose at 2.5 g/l, in the presence of Solka Floc, yielded cellulase activities of 0.134, 0.159, and 0.164 U/ml, respectively. Offprint requests to: M. E. Himmel     

茭白黑粉菌在茭白植株内形态发育的初步研究

茭白黑粉菌的菌丝体多年生,越冬期宿存于茭白地下茎中,翌年春天入侵由地下茎芽体形成的植株。菌丝具隔膜,分枝,细胞双核,在寄主细胞间隙并入侵细胞中生长,无吸器;受菌丝侵染的茭白地上茎薄壁细胞分裂增多,体积加大,并高度液泡化,使茎膨大。部分菌丝在茭白茎膨大后期菌丝壁胶化,原生质收缩成团,生成厚壁,形成冬孢子。     

The long-distance migration of Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Delphacidae) in China: radar observations of mass return flight in the autumn

Abstract.

• 1 A case study is presented of the autumn migration of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), in the area of Nanjing in the People's Republic of China. The study was made using a high frequency (8 mm wavelength) radar and a net suspended from a kytoon.
• 2 The observations confirmed that long-distance return migrations occur in China in mid and late September, with N.lugens being carried on the prevailing north-easterly wind towards the autumn infestation and overwintering areas of the species.
• 3 After mass take-off in the late afternoon or at dusk, the migrants flew for several hours during the evening, often in a dense layer which formed at heights between about 400 and 1000m above ground. These layers often had well-defined ceilings corresponding to an air temperature of about 16°C. The migration height was above the top of the surface temperature inversion, i.e. the migrants did not fly at the height of the warmest air.
• 4 The dense layer concentrations overflying the radar were backtracked to source areas up to 240 km away in the north-east of Jiangsu Province. Planthoppers observed emigrating from the Nanjing area would reach areas in south Anhui Province or north Jiangxi Province if they flew for 12 h.
• 5 There was a second period of mass take-off at dawn. Insect layers sometimes formed but did not last longer than 1–2h.
• 6 The present results were strikingly different from those previously observed in the dry season in the Philippines, where migratory flight durations were largely confined to periods of about 30min at dusk and dawn.
• 7 Our observations are discussed in relation to the equator-wards return migrations undertaken in autumn by other insect species, and the importance of these migrations for the maintenance of long-flying genotypes in the overwintering populations is considered.